This post discusses the main features of the Third June Plan 1947 and the Indian Independence Act 1947. Background With the conclusion of WW II, the British wanted to leave India as soon as possible. They wanted to transfer powers to locals in a peaceful manner but the differences between two major political parties, the…
This post analyzes the impact of Congress Rule, 1937-39 on Muslims of the Indian subcontinent. Background Government of India Act 1935 provided for representative government at the provincial level. In light of this act, the Government held elections at the provincial level in 1937 on basis of separate electorates. Congress won most of the seats…
This post analyzes the reasons that were responsible for the failure of All India Muslim League in the provincial elections of 1937. Background Government of India Act 1935 provided representative government at the provincial level. As per this provision, the British held elections in provinces in February 1937 on the basis of separate electorates. These…
This post discusses the role of the Aligarh Movement in the social and political development of Muslims of the Indian subcontinent. What was the Aligarh Movement? The term ‘Aligarh Movement’ refers to the educational efforts of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan that he made in Aligarh Town in Uttar Pradesh in India in the latter half…
This post briefly but succinctly describes the major acts and events that contributed to the constitutional reforms in India during British Raj from 1909 to 1935. Morley-Minto Reforms 1909 In 1909, the British parliament passed new reforms which acted as the constitution for India for the next decade. These reforms for the first time introduce…
This post discusses the impact of the Khilafat Movement on the life of Muslims of the Indian subcontinent. Background Khilafat Movement was a protest movement of Indian Muslims, launched for the protection of the Ottoman Empire and its territorial integrity at the end of World War I. Indian National Congress and its leader Mahatma Gandhi…
This article discusses the reasons for the start of the Khilafat Movement 1919-24 and its failure. What was the Khilafat Movement, 1919-24? Khilafat Movement, 1919-1924 was a movement of Indian Muslims for the territorial integrity of Ottoman Empire. In addition, they demanded the British to abstain from meddling with the position of Sultan as Khalifa…
All India Muslim League (AIML) came into being on 31st December 1906. It was the second day of the annual session of the Muhammad Educational Conference at the residence of Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk in Dhaka. On this day (30th December) Muslim leaders decided to set up a political platform for Indian Muslims. Sir Aga Khan III…
This article discusses the significance of trade and commerce activities for a nation. What are trade and commerce? The term trade refers to the exchange of goods and services whereas the term commerce refers to a set of factors that make trade happen. These factors include transportation, publicity, and the government’s trade policies. What is…
This post discusses the problems caused by the economic disparity in Pakistan. i.e. provincialism, terrorism, illiteracy, dual and low-quality education, compromised health. The term ‘economic disparity’ refers to the difference in economic status and living standard of people, groups of people, people of different provinces, districts, etc. The economic disparity also exists on basis of…