All India Muslim League (AIML) came into being on 31st December 1906. It was the second day of the annual session of the Muhammad Educational Conference at the residence of Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk in Dhaka. On this day (30th December) Muslim leaders decided to set up a political platform for Indian Muslims. Sir Aga Khan III…
This entry discusses the educational, social, and political role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as a reformer in the development of Muslims during the British raj. Background After the 1857 war of Independence, the British held Muslims responsible for the revolt against the British. With that, the British Indian government carried out a vicious wave…
This post discusses the following three important questions about Aligarh Movement: 1. What was Aligarh Movement? 2. What were the reasons for the start of the Aligarh Movement 3. What were the aims and objectives of the Khilafat Movement? What was Aligarh Movement? Aligarh Movement refers to the educational efforts made by Sir Syed Ahmad…
This article discusses the policies introduced by Nawaz Sharif and their impact on Pakistan. These reforms include the construction of the Lahore-Islamabad Motorway, Nuclear Tests in 1998, and the Shariat Bill passed by National Assembly. The reforms introduced in his last tenure as prime minister of Pakistan are not included in this discussion. Reforms Impact…
This article discusses the economic reforms of General Musharraf i.e. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), encouragement towards the production of value-added products, and privatization and their impact on the country. What is Foreign direct investment (FDI)? The term Foreign Direct Investment refers to the investment made by an individual, group of individuals or a corporation in…
This article discusses two important reforms of Benazir Bhutto, the women empowerment and rural electrification’ during her rule in the 1990s. Women empowerment Impact The term ’empowerment’ refers to increased access to opportunities, resources, and abilities to make independent decisions/choices in individual and collective life. Benazir Bhutto took steps for women empowerment i.e. It was…
Indo-Pakistan war of 1971 had resulted in the dismemberment of Pakistan and the emergence of Bangladesh. India had taken around 90,000 Pakistani troops as prisoners of war to India after their surrender in East Pakistan on December 16, 1971. Moreover, India had occupied huge tracks of Pakistani territory along its border with West Pakistan. After…
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto ruled Pakistan as Prime Minister from 1972 -1977. During five years of his rule, Bhutto introduced nationalization and land reforms in Pakistan. This article discusses Bhutto’s reforms, their purpose, and their impact on the economy of Pakistan. The concept ‘Nationalization’ Nationalization refers to bring private sector companies under governmental control. The purpose…
The separation of East Pakistan took place in 1971 after two decades of independence. I have already discussed reasons for the disintegration of Pakistan i.e. unfairness in the representation at the center, unfair distribution of wealth, denial of due participation in the administration, exclusion of East Pakistanis in armed forces. In this article, I will…
This article discusses Ayub Khan’s reforms that he introduced during his 10 years long rule in Pakistan. Background Ayub Khan came to power as a result of the abrogation of the 1956 constitution on 7th October 1958. President Iskandar had invited General Ayub Khan, the army chief, to take charge after he abrogated 1956 constitution….