This post analyzes the reasons responsible for the difference in the performance of the All India Muslim League in provincial elections of 1937 and general elections of 1946 elections. Background The British held elections in provinces in 1937 to introduce representative government at the provincial level. All India Muslim League (AIML) was able to win…
This article discusses the immediate problems faced by Pakistan in the establishment of an independent nation. It also evaluates how far Pakistan was successful in overcoming these initial problems Immediate Problems How successful Pakistan was in overcoming the problems Division of financial assets In June 1947 a formula was agreed upon between…
Indian independence Act 1947 had provided for setting up of boundary commission to demarcate the boundary between Pakistan and Indian. This article discusses the purpose of the boundary commission, its structure, outcome, and impact on Pakistan. Purpose of Boundary Commission The formation of the Boundary Commission was to demarcate the boundary between Pakistan and India…
This post discusses the main features of the Third June Plan 1947 and the Indian Independence Act 1947. Background With the conclusion of WW II, the British wanted to leave India as soon as possible. They wanted to transfer powers to locals in a peaceful manner but the differences between two major political parties, the…
This post analyzes the impact of Congress Rule, 1937-39 on Muslims of the Indian subcontinent. Background Government of India Act 1935 provided for representative government at the provincial level. In light of this act, the Government held elections at the provincial level in 1937 on basis of separate electorates. Congress won most of the seats…
This post analyzes the reasons that were responsible for the failure of All India Muslim League in the provincial elections of 1937. Background Government of India Act 1935 provided representative government at the provincial level. As per this provision, the British held elections in provinces in February 1937 on the basis of separate electorates. These…
This post discusses the role of the Aligarh Movement in the social and political development of Muslims of the Indian subcontinent. What was the Aligarh Movement? The term ‘Aligarh Movement’ refers to the educational efforts of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan that he made in Aligarh Town in Uttar Pradesh in India in the latter half…
This post briefly but succinctly describes the major acts and events that contributed to the constitutional reforms in India during British Raj from 1909 to 1935. Morley-Minto Reforms 1909 In 1909, the British parliament passed new reforms which acted as the constitution for India for the next decade. These reforms for the first time introduce…
This post discusses the impact of the Khilafat Movement on the life of Muslims of the Indian subcontinent. Background Khilafat Movement was a protest movement of Indian Muslims, launched for the protection of the Ottoman Empire and its territorial integrity at the end of World War I. Indian National Congress and its leader Mahatma Gandhi…
This article discusses the reasons for the start of the Khilafat Movement 1919-24 and its failure. What was the Khilafat Movement, 1919-24? Khilafat Movement, 1919-1924 was a movement of Indian Muslims for the territorial integrity of Ottoman Empire. In addition, they demanded the British to abstain from meddling with the position of Sultan as Khalifa…